By F. Lisk. Indiana University Northwest. 2018.
Lauren Artress has said betnovate 20 gm overnight delivery, “The labyrinth defined as having a simple path with an equal number of does not engage our thinking minds order betnovate 20 gm online. Labyrinths are also classified by itive buy betnovate 20 gm mastercard, pattern-seeking generic betnovate 20gm on line, symbolic mind to come forth. It the number of circuits in their design, a circuit being one presents us with only one, but profound, choice. To enter of the circles or rings surrounding the center of the a labyrinth is to choose to walk a spiritual path. The labyrinth in Chartres Cathedral, for exam- In addition to helping people open themselves to the ple, is a classical eleven-circuit labyrinth. Three- and nonrational parts of the psyche, labyrinth walking puts seven-circuit classical labyrinths have been constructed 1174 GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2 in many parts of the United States, while one labyrinth in Precautions Denmark has 15 circuits. There are no special precautions needed for labyrinth walking other than allowing sufficient time for the experi- Walking the labyrinth ence. Most people find that the walk takes about 45 min- The actual procedure of labyrinth walking is divided utes or an hour, but some take two to three hours to com- into three phases or stages: the journey inward, a pause plete their journey. It is best to plan a labyrinth walk for a for prayer or meditation at the center, and the return jour- day or evening without a tight time schedule. There are no rules or guidelines for the pace or speed of labyrinth walking, although participants are asked to Side effects be respectful of others who may prefer a slower pace, and to move around them as gently as possible. Some people No physical or psychological side effects have been choose to dance, run, crawl on their hands and knees, or reported from labyrinth walking as of 2004. Labyrinths based on the Chartres model have six “petals” or semicircular Little research has been done within the mainstream spaces surrounding the center, which allows several peo- or alternative medical communities on labyrinth walking ple to remain for a few minutes to pray, contemplate, or in comparison to other forms of treatment. Smaller labyrinths may have room for only one however, it appears to be generally accepted as a form of person at a time in the center, and it is considered courte- mind-body therapy or spiritual practice that has few if ous to remain there only briefly. Some communities have Some published guides to labyrinth walking include also built outdoor labyrinths for the general public. In meditations to be used for labyrinth walking during the early 2000s, health spas and tourist resorts have pregnancy, or for blessing ceremonies at different sea- added labyrinths to their facilities in order to attract visi- sons of the year. Preparations Training & certification Although one need not be a member of any specific The Labyrinth Society (TLS), which was founded in faith or religious tradition to participate in labyrinth 1999, hosts an annual meeting that includes workshops walking, spiritual preparation is considered an important and speakers on labyrinth construction as well as the part of the activity. TLS does not, and relatively unstructured, most participants find that a however, offer licensing or training programs as of 2004; period of quietness to focus their attention on their jour- its membership code of ethics states, “Membership or ney is essential. Resources Participants are advised to wear comfortable shoes BOOKS and clothing for labyrinth walking so that they will not Artress, Lauren. Walking A Sacred Path: Rediscovering the be distracted by physical discomfort or concerns about Labyrinth as a Spiritual Tool. The Way of the Labyrinth: A Powerful Meditation woven into a rug; thus it is a good idea to bring along a for Everyday Life. New York: Penguin Compass Books, pair of clean cotton socks or soft-soled slippers. Description Left brain—The left cerebral hemisphere, which controls activity on the right side of the body in Not all products used in alternative healing come from humans. Lachesis is the venom of the bushmaster snake, for language use and mathematical calculation; it Lachesis mutus. A maze of Central and South America, growing to a length of 12 is considered a left-brain puzzle. It is the largest poisonous pit viper in the Mantra—A sacred word or formula that is repeat- Western hemisphere, and second in size in the world ed as an incantation to focus the mind and spirit, only to the king cobra. Maze—A network of paths or passages intended A large bushmaster can have fangs more than 1 in to confuse, with numerous choices at different (2. The bushmaster is also called the surucucu which controls activity on the left side of the body (sometimes spelled surukuku). It is associated with spatial and non- verbal concepts, intuition, emotions, and creativi- General use ty. Labyrinth walking is thought to stimulate the Homeopathic medicine operates on the principle right brain. A true same symptoms as the disease, while also working in labyrinth is unicursal in design. In opposition to traditional medicine, the law of infini- tesimals states that the lower a dose of curative, the more Schaper, Donna, and Carole Ann Camp.
They have high densities of capillaries either the interaction of energy-consuming and mitochondria and high concentrations of motor proteins (fueled by ATPase) such as my- fat droplets (high-energy substrate reserves) osin best betnovate 20gm, kinesin and dynein with other proteins andtheredpigmentmyoglobin(short-termO2 such as actin or the polymerization and storage) purchase betnovate 20gm fast delivery. Motor units of the S The muscles consist of cells (fibers) that type predominate in “red” muscles such as the contract when stimulated cheap betnovate 20 gm amex. Skeletal muscle is soleus muscle betnovate 20 gm with mastercard, which helps to maintain the responsible for locomotion, positional change, bodyinanuprightposition,whereastheFtype and the convection of respiratory gases. The different muscle types prolongedactivationoffast-twitchfibersleads are distinguished by several functional charac- to a chronic increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ con- teristics (! Gradedmuscleactivityispossiblebecausea Motor Unit of Skeletal Muscle variable number of motor units can be re- Unlike some types of smooth muscle (single- cruited as needed. One motor neuron together with all muscle The number and type of motor units recruited fibers innervated by it is called a motor unit depends on the type of movement involved (MU). Muscle fibers belonging to a single (fine or coarse movement, intermittent or per- motor unit can be distributed over large por- sistentcontraction,reflexactivity,voluntaryor tions (1cm )2 of the muscle cross-sectional involuntary movement, etc. To supply its muscle fibers, a motor neu- strength of each motor unit can be increased ron splits into collaterals with terminal by increasing the frequency of neuronal im- branches (! A given motor neuron may pulses, as in the tetanization of skeletal muscle supplyonly25musclefibers(mimeticmuscle) (! Two types of skeletal muscle fibers can be distinguished: S – slow-twitch fibers (type 1) and F – fast-twitch fibers (type 2), including two subtypes, FR (2A) and FF (2B). Since each motor unit contains only one type of fiber, this 58 classification also applies to the motor unit. Contractile Apparatus of Striated changes in the head–neck segment allow the myosin head to “tilt” when interacting with Muscle actin (sliding filaments;! A2)approximately Actin is a globular protein molecule (G- 10 to 100µm in diameter. Two of visiblewiththenakedeyeareactuallybundles the twisted protein filaments combine to form of muscle fibers that are around 100 to an actin filament (! B) formed by the filamentous mensional) microscopy, one can identify alter- protein titin (connectin). Titin is more than nating light and dark bands and lines (hence 1000nm in length and has some 30000 amino the name “striated muscle”) created by the acids (Mr! It is the longest known thick myosin II filaments and thin actin fila- polypeptide chain and comprises 10% of the ments (! Titinisanchoredatitscarb- 2000actinfilamentsareboundmediallytothe oxyl end to the Mplate and, at the amino end, Z plate. The region where the actin and tions) that run perpendicular to the myofibrils myosin filaments overlap is called the Aband. The (actin) filaments are bers without connections between the intra- anchored to the sarcolemma by the protein andextracellularspaces. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is moleculehastwoglobularheadsconnectedby more prominently developed in skeletal flexible necks (head and neck = subfragment musclethaninthemyocardiumandservesasa S1; formed after proteolysis) to the filamen- Ca2+ storage space. Each T system separates tous tail of the molecule (two intertwined α- the adjacent longitudinal tubules, forming tri- helices = subfragment S2) (! Two light protein chains are located on each neck of this heavy molecule (220kDa): one is regulatory (20kDa), the 60 other essential (17kDa). Conformational Despopoulos, Color Atlas of Physiology © 2003 Thieme All rights reserved. Ultrastructure of striated muscle fibers Sarkomere 100–1000µm 10–100µm 1µm 1 Bundle of fibers 2 Muscle fiber (myocyte) 3 Myofibril B. Myosin II molecule Motor domain Actin- P binding domain Nucleotide- 2 P pocket nm (ATP or ADP) Regulatory light chain Essential light chain Neck Shaft(150nm) (flexible) Head 61 20nm (After D. Warshaw) Despopoulos, Color Atlas of Physiology © 2003 Thieme All rights reserved.
These entities are not hard-coded into the framework cheap betnovate 20gm free shipping, but externally defined in XML format betnovate 20 gm without prescription. Similar definitions apply to segments and messages and are customizable according to each specific implementation (e order betnovate 20gm on-line. XML definitions also describe the mapping of such entities to database schema elements cheap betnovate 20 gm with mastercard, as shown in Figure 6. The elements and attributes of the XML fragment shown on Figure 6, instruct some specialized framework components on how to create the database Figure 3. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. Mapping to database tables schema and how to map business entities to database tables during query and transac- tion activities. The Data Model tier contains also the actual processing units that handle message content, called Action handlers. These are autonomous software modules that use the base services functionality and may produce new messages that respond to initial requests or notify interested parties about a system event. The Controller implements a messaging pipeline using the SOAP protocol, where messages are processed at each node of the Pipeline and forwarded to the next node. This involves authentication and authorization of the message sender, logging and tracing of all message flow within the system, applying business rules and dispatching the messages to the appropriate Action handlers. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. For example, changes in business processes or operational workflows result in the need for exchanging new messages. New Action handlers can be implemented for processing these messages and the Controller can be easily configured to dispatch the appropriate message to the dedicated Action handler. The Presentation layer services of the framework contain a set of tools and methods targeting the development of adaptive XML-based user interface modules. Using these tools and methods one can assemble user interface modules from XML documents. Serializable non-visual Components: A user interface document contains also XML descriptions targeting non-visual components of the framework that also support XML serialization. These components undertake a set of operations such as sending and receiving documents to/from the Controller, sending and receiving documents to/from different devices, such as printers or file systems and trans- forming documents. A complete user interface module is a collection of objects capable of accepting and producing XML descriptions. New Xml objects can be created by anyone planning to extend the user interface infrastructure of the framework. The basic interface of an Xml object contains only three operations: the Describe operation supporting the initial definition and construction of the object based on an XML description, the LoadXml operation supporting the loading of an XML description from the object, and the Xml operation supporting the generation of an XML description by the object. Data Exchange between Xml Objects: The exchange of data between different Xml Objects makes use of XSLT transformations to restructure XML descriptions generated from one type of object to descriptions suitable for loading from another type of object. XML Description of Data Flow: An XML vocabulary has been defined in order to describe the data flow among Xml Objects. This approach results in an open and extensible set of tools capable of describing and implementing client side business logic modules portable to different platforms and environments. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. A user interface document From our experience in developing and using our framework, we would like to emphasize the following: 1. Using XML not only as the format for exchanged data but also for the native environment for business logic description, UI description, and business objects definition results in a rich metadata repository, providing true customization capabilities, enabling independent UI development and allowing the transition to future technologies. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc.
This com- pany provides training and certification for Aston practi- movements of everyday life to dissipate tension in the tioners generic betnovate 20gm mastercard. This is done through massage betnovate 20 gm with mastercard, alteration of the en- conditions affect body movement cheap 20 gm betnovate with amex, foreshadowing the vironment buy generic betnovate 20gm on line, and fitness training. Over time, Aston has expanded her move- Description ment work to include a fitness program for older adults. Today, Judith Aston serves as director of Aston Paradigm Seeking to solve movement problems, Aston-Pat- Corporation. Rather it works with asymmetry in the human body to develop patterns of alignment and movement that feel right to the individual. Aston also introduced the idea of netics uses touch to release tension in the face and neck. Aston-Patterning sessions have four general compo- This massage is accompanied by education about the es- nents. Since clients typically work with an Aston-Pattern- Aston-Patterning requires more participation from ing practitioner for extended periods of time, it is impor- the client than many bodywork techniques. The massage tant that they feel comfortable with their specific practi- aspect of Aston-Patterning is designed around a three-di- tioner. Certified Aston practitioners recommend that mensional, non-compressive touch that releases patterns prospective clients make a get-acquainted visit before of tension in the body. GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2 145 Precautions KEY TERMS Aston-Patterning can be quite demanding. Aston-Patterning: Ergonomics—A branch of applied science that co- • Heart conditions. Because diabetes affects blood circulation, furniture, machines, and other features of a living diabetics taking Aston-Patterning should ask the practi- or working environment with the needs and re- tioner to avoid massage of the legs and feet. It assists the body in reorga- terning may cause hairline fractures in brittle bones. Patterning is a member of the International Alliance of Healthcare Educators (IAHE), and Judith Aston is a fre- • Disorders requiring medications that affect the sense of quent speaker at IAHE conferences. The physical con- The Aston Training Center in Incline Village, Nevada, tact involved in Aston-Patterning may cause flashbacks offers courses and certification and promotes a code of or bring up emotional and psychological issues. As of early 2003 there are certified Aston-Pat- The Aston-Patterning program can, however, be mod- terning practitioners in fifteen states, with the largest con- ified to meet the needs of older adults, those in poor centrations in California, Colorado, and Washington. Aston Postural Assessment Handbook: Skills for Most clients of Aston-Patterning report a diminution Observing and Evaluating Body Patterns. San Diego, CA: of tension, improved ease of movement, and an enhanced Academic Press, Inc. The Best Alternative Medicine, Part side effects, the most common being pain and exhaustion. New York: Simon & Schus- To minimize side effects, clients should give the practi- ter, 2002. Research & general acceptance International Alliance of Healthcare Educators (IAHE). Little controlled research has been done on OTHER either the benefits or limitations of Aston-Patterning; as of Rast, Mechthild. Book Review: Aston Postural Assessment Work- early 2003, no reports have been published in any peer-re- book. Neuro-Developmental Treatment Association Network viewed medical, alternative medical, or bodywork journals. Its claims have been neither proven nor disproved, al- though anecdotally many clients report relief from pain Tish Davidson and tension as well as improved body movement. Frey, PhD 146 GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2 can be used to cure chronic weaknesses of the lungs. Astragalus Because it improves blood circulation and heart func- tion, astragalus is useful in treating heart disease. It Description has also been found to prevent or reduce blood clot- Astragalus, also called milk vetch root, is the root of ting.